2013年3月6日星期三

翻譯社常用的翻譯技巧

順序法:順序法翻譯不改變原文表達語序,不會影響對原文內容的理解。
例1 即使在我們關掉床頭燈甜甜地進入夢鄉時,電仍然為我們工作:啟動電冰箱,把水加熱,或使室內冷氣繼續運轉。
譯文: Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep , electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.

在句子中,句子前半部分是一個讓步狀語從句,後半句的"啟動","加熱","使......運轉"都是"電在為我們工作"的具體內容。因而在譯文中,譯者將這三個並行動作處理成了V-ing 形式,補充說明working的內容。譯文按照原句的語序完全傳達了原文的意思,採用順序法翻譯,達到了"精確,通順"的目的。

例2 It was a Saturday evening, when Tom was lying on the bench of the school listening to a blackbird and composing a lyric, that he saw the girls running among the trees, with the red-cheeked Joe in swift pursuit.

譯文: 那是週六的傍晚,湯姆正躺在學校的長凳上,一面聽畫眉鳥唱歌,一面寫一首抒情詩,忽然看見女孩子們在樹林裡奔跑,後面緊跟著那紅臉的喬。

原句中一連串出現了一系列的動詞如:lying, listening, composing, saw,這是按湯姆進行這些動作的先後順序來描述的,如果在譯文中打亂這些順序,就反而會顯得凌亂,沒有邏輯。

逆序法:逆序法根據目標語使用者表達習慣與目標語讀者的認知能力,按原文語序反向翻譯,以便更好地傳達原文的內容。

例3 他經常做禮拜的時候,總坐在固定的座位上,可是那天他們發現他不坐在老地方。

請讀者比較下面兩句譯文,你認為哪一句較好?

譯文1:When he attended worship, he always took a certain seat, but they found that he took a different one that day.

譯文2:They remarked how he took a different seat from that which he usually occupied when he chose to attend worship.

兩種譯文都忠實傳達了原文內容。第一種為順序翻譯,第二種為逆序翻譯。第一種顯得有些冗長,且前後簡單句主語不一致(前半句主語為he,後半句主語是they),給人表述混亂之感。第二種由於採用了逆序法將原句意思用一個複合句表達出來,內容清晰,結構緊湊。

順序法和逆序法主要是針對翻譯長句而言,作為翻譯社常用之翻譯策略之一,應有所瞭解。

Exercise Three

1. We wish to convey to you ________________ (我們衷心的祝賀).

2. __________________(無論從哪一方面考慮),they ought to be given another chance.

3. ________________(隨著時間的流逝),.they forgot their bitter sufferings.

4. We must _______________(使自己適應)the demands of our times; otherwise we’ll fall behind the other industrialized nations of the world.

 

5.The number of the students in the city has ___________________ (增加了五倍) in comparison with 2001.

 


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